STATEMENT 


-BY- 


JUL  1  4  1931 
DR.  A.  F.  WOODS     ., _jV  0F  |U|| 

PRESIDENT   MARYLAND   STATE    COLLEGE 

IN  REGARD  TO 

THE  DEVELOPMENT  OF  MARYLAND'S 

tGBICIJLTURAL  AND  INDUSTRIAL  RESOURCES 

BY  MEANS  OF  APPROPRIATIONS 

-TO 


THE  STATE  BOAR!)  OF  AGRICULTURE 

THE  MARYLAND  STATE  COLLEGE 

THE  EXPERIMENT  STATION 

THE  EXTENSION  SERVICE 

THE  INSPECTION  AND  CONTROL  WORK 


JANUARY,  1920 


What   the   State   College    Is   Asking    For. 

The  General  Assembly  of  Maryland  at  its  present  session  is 
.asked  to  provide  for  work  under  the  direction  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
Maryland  State  College  of  Agriculture  and  the  State  Board  of  Agri- 
culture the  sura  of  $1,687,286  lor  maintenance,  and  the  further  sum 
of  $1,519,900  for  land,  buildings  and  equipment,  etc.,  a  total  of 
$3,207,186  for  the  years  of  1921  and  1922.  This  total  represents  an 
increase  of  $2,649,823  over  the  amount  of  $557,358  appropriated  for 
the  years  L919  and  L920. 

The  tax  payers  of  the  State  have  a  legitimate  righl  to  inquire 
why  such  an  amount  is  requested  at  the  present  time1.  Following  are 
reasons  why  tin1  appropriation  is  deemed  necessary: 

Will  Develop  the  State's  Resources. 

The  fundamental  reason  for  the  appropriation  is  that  it  will  be 
expended  primarily  for  the  development  of  the  agricultural  and 
industrial  resources  of  the  State.  The  fact  must  be  borne  in  mind 
that  Maryland  is  an-  agricultural  State.  Nearly  one-half  of  our 
population  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits.  Many  of  the  other 
half  are  dependent  upon  agricultural  development  for  the  prosperity 
of  their  business.  Most  of  the  towns  have  been  built  and  are  sup- 
ported by  agriculture.  A  large  volume  of  the  business  of  Baltimore 
City  is  directly  dependent  upon  the  farm.  A  large  proportion  of 
the  raw  material  used  in  her  factories  conies  from  the  farm.  Tt  is. 
therefore,  evident  that  the  well-being  and  development  of  agriculture 
is  of  vital  importance  to  all  of  our  people,  urban  as  well  as  rural. 
And  that  which  is  true  of  agriculture  also  is  true  of  the  State's 
water  and  mining  industries,  though,  perhaps,  in  a  somewhat  less 
measure. 

Possibilities    of    Agricultural    Development    in    Maryland 
Practically   Unlimited. 

Of  the  5,000,000  acres  included  in  Maryland  farms,  only  about 
3,000,000  acres  are  now  under  cultivation.  Hundreds  of  thousands 
of  acres  of  unfilled  land  in  this  State  could  be  made  productive,  with 
the  result  that  every  phase  of  our  industrial  life  should  be  more 
prosperous. 

The  soil  is  Maryland's  greatest  undeveloped  resource.  lis 
development  can  be  accomplished  only  through  a  broad,  thoroughly 
organized  and  far-reaching  system  of  agricultural  instruction,  in- 
vestigation and  demonstration.  The  net  returns  from  Maryland's 
50,000  farms  can  be  doubled.  For  instance,  an  increase  of  one 
bushel  of  corn  per  acre  from  the  00:1,000  acres  devoted  to  this  crop  in 
1919  would  return  more  than  $1,000,000  increased  income  to  Mary- 
land farmers.  An  increase  of  one  bushel  of  wheat  per  acre  from  the 
790,000  acres  devoted  to  this  crop  in  1010  would  yield  over  $1,500,000 
in  increased  income  to  our  farmers. 


788450 


One  pint  increase  of  milk  per  cow  per  day  would  yield  the  dairy- 
men of  this  Stale  over  a  million  dollars  of  additional  income  from 
their  labor.  Unused  land  could  be  turned  into  pastures  that  would 
easily  feed  half  a  million  more  sheep  than  are  now  in  the  State. 

Although  Maryland  is  a  greal  fruit  State,  she  can  be  made  the 
greatesl  fruit  State  in  the  East,  and  the  value  of  thousands  of  acres 
of  unused  lands  can  be  multiplied  manyfold. 

There  are  within  200  miles  of  Maryland,  10,000,000  people 
to  consume  the  products  of  the1  farm,  including  small  fruits,  truck 
and  vegetable  crops. 

At  a  time  when  the  cost  of  living  has  reached  unheard  of  alti- 
tudes, every  citizen  is  vitally  interested  in  any  measure  that  may 
increase  production  of  food  crops.  The  State  College  is  the  agency, 
established  by  authority  of  the  State,  to  accomplish  this  end. 


Money  Appropriated  for  Agricultural  Development 
Is  a  Safe  and  Profitable  Investment. 

Actual  experience  has  demonstrated  that  the  possibilities  of 
Maryland's  agriculture  can  be  realized.  Wheat  growers  under  the 
direction  of  the  State  College,  by  using  improved  seed  and  following 
approved  methods,  have  increased  their  yields  of  wheat  as  much  as 
six  bushels  per  acre  over  the  yield  from  other  unimproved  varieties. 
On  the  basis  of  the  State's  total  acreage  in  1911),  such  an  increase 
would  have  netted  the  wheat  growers  of  the  State  more  than  $9,000,- 
000  in  one  year. 

In  1919,  nine  fruit  growers,  by  the  expenditure  of  .$4253.65  in 
properly  spraying  their  peach  and  apple  trees  under  the  direction 
of  specialists  from  the  State  College,  received  from  their  crops 
148,818.83  over  and  above  the  cost  of  spraying  the  trees.  The  per- 
centage of  perfect  fruit  from  these  trees  was  88%,  while  the  un 
sprayed  trees  yielded  only  21%. 

In  1919  a  strawberry  grower  in  Somerset  county  who  conducted 
demonstrations  in  dusting  his  plants  received  $508  more  for  the 
fruit  from  the  acre  that  was  dusted  than  from  an  acre  that  was  not 
dusted.  The  cost  of  dusting,  including  all  charges,  was  $20.50,  mak- 
ing a  net  return  of  $488.25  in  favor  of  dusting. 

A  similar  demonstration  in  Caroline  county  yielded  a  net  return 
in  favor  dusting  of  $379.50. 

Another  grower  in  Somerset  county  who  had  12  acres  in  straw 
berries  sold  1800  crates  for  $15,300.  He  estimates  an  increase  in 
yield  of  30  per  cent,  due  to  dusting.  Counting  the  cost  of  dusting 
at  $200,  he  estimates  his  net  returns  from  his  dusting  operations 
at  $4300. 

A  score  of  other  growers,  carrying  on  demonstrations  under  the 
direction  of  county  agents  and  State  College  specialists,  reported 
increases  in  crop  yield,  due  to  dusting,  of  from  30  per  cent,  to  100 
per  cent. 


The  college  records  show  many  examples  of  increased  yields 
from  farm  crops,  control  of  disease  in  plants  and  livestock,  and 
larger  net  returns  from  dairying  and  other  branches  of  animal  hus- 
bandry by  following  scientific  methods  of  agriculture  recommended 
by  the  State  College. 

The   State   Can   Well   Afford   to   Build   Up 
Its   State   College. 

The  State1  College  is  the  logical  leader  in  the  agricultural  de- 
velopment of  the  State.  The  State  can  well  afford  to  appropriate 
funds  for  the  upbuilding  of  an  institution  capable  of  such  effective 
Leadership.     It    will   prove  a  safe  and  profitable  investment. 

It  was  through  the  efforts  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin  that 
Wisconsin  developed  into  the  great  dairying  State1  that  it  is.  Aftefl 
New  York  soil  became  depleted  through  mismanagement,  Cornell 
University,  through  its  College  of  Agriculture,  made  the  horticul- 
tural interests  of  the  Empire  State  what  they  are.  Ohio  and  Towa 
became  leaders  in  livestock  production  largely  through  the  efforts 
of  their  Colleges  of  Agriculture.  The  millions  appropriated  by  these 
States  to  their  State  Colleges  have  been  returned  a  hundredfold  in 
inreased  return  from  their  agriculture  and  in  enhanced  value  of  their 
farms. 

State   Roads  Are   Profitable   Investment. 

Within  ten  years  the  Maryland  Legislature  has  authorized  the 
expenditure  of  $34,000,000  upon  our  State  road  system.  It  is  a 
fine  system,  and  the  pride  of  every  Marylander.  It  has  proved  to  be 
an  exceedingly  profitable  investment  for  the  State. 

But  in  the  past  63  years,  the  State  of  Maryland  has  spent  but 
little  over  $1,000,000  for  the  advancement  of  agriculture  through 
appropriations  to  the  State  College.  Other  States  have  built  up 
their  State  Colleges  along  with  or  in  advance  of  the  development 
of  their  State  roads.  Let  Maryland  build  up  a  great  State  College 
to  compare  with  her  great  road  system.  It  will  prove  just  as  good 
an  investment. 

The  Appropriations  Requested  Have  Already  Been  Earned. 

As  a  matter  of  record,  the  appropriations  asked  for  have  already 
been  earned  as  is  shown  by  the  following  figures: 

The  average  yield  of  corn  per  acre  from  1880-1889  in  Maryland 
was  24.2  bushels;  the  average  yield  in  1010-1910  was  36.5  bushels,  an 
increase  of  L2.3  bushels.  On  the  basis  of  693,000  acres  of  corn  grown 
in  Maryland  in  1919,  this  means  an  increase  of  $11,933,000  this  year 
over  the  yield  for  t  lie  same  acreage  in  1880-1889. 

The  increase  in  the  average  yield  of  wheat  in  the  same  period 
was  3.8  bushels  per  acre.  On  a  basis  of  790,000  acres  of  the  1010 
crop,  this  would  result  in  an  increase  of  $ 6,454,000  to  the  wheat 
growers  of  the  State  for  this  year  over  the  yield  for  1880-1889. 


Taking  pats,  rye,  barley,  buckwheat,  potatoes,  hay  and  tobacco 
together  with  corn  and  wheat,  the  total  increase  of  these  nine  prin- 
cipal crops  of  the  State  on  our  11)1!)  acreage  amounts  to  122,361,480 
per  year  more  than  they  averaged  in  1880-1889. 


State  College  Responsible  for  Crop  Improvement. 

If  only  one-tenth  of  the  improvement  in  the  nine  principal  crops 
grown  in  this  State  could  be  ascribed  to  the  influence  of  the  State 
College  since  the  establishment  of  the  Experiment  Station  in  1889, 
and  the  receipt  by  the  College  of  the  grants  of  funds  under  the 
Second  Morril  Act  in  1892,  it  would  represent  over  $2,000,000  in  one 
year,  or  more  than  the  entire  amount  that  has  been  granted  to  the 
College  and  Experiment  Station  since  the  foundation  of  the  College 
63  years  ago. 

It  is,  therefore,  evident  that  on  the  basis  of  dollars  and  cents 
the  State  College  has  already  proved  that  it  is  a  good  investment  for 
the  State,  and  has  already  returned  to  the  State  more  than  the 
State  has  spent  for  its  support  and  much  more  than  is  now  being 
asked  for  to  place  it  on  a  plane  of  efficiency,  which  it  is  not  possible 
to  attain  with  the  present  meager  support. 


Development  of  Water  Resources. 

Work  has  been  initiated  at  the  college  looking  toward  the  devel 
opment  of  the  State's  water  resources,  and  results  of  investigation 
and  research  in  this  fertile  field  should  be  just  as  productive  as 
investigation  and  research  in  agriculture  already  have  proved. 
Maryland's  water  resources  constitute  a  vast  asset,  and  money  ex- 
pended by  the  Legislature  to  carry  out  a  policy  of  conservation  and 
development  of  them  should  be  returned  dollars  for  dimes. 

In  eo-operation  with  the  Maryland  Conservation  Commission  the 
State  College  has  been  conducting  investigations  and  surveys,  and 
is  at  present  offering  a  seiies  of  lectures  covering  the  general  field 
of  aquiculture.  The  United  States  Fish  Commission  is  at  present 
considering  the  establishment  of  experimental  fish  hatcheries  at  the 
College,  and  such  a  project  should  present  invaluable  data  concern- 
ing the  development  of  the  water  areas.  The  State  College  is  co- 
operating with  State  and  Federal  agencies  in  their  attempts  to 
arouse  active  interest  in  the  development  of  the  vast  resources  of  the 
bay  and  its  tributaries. 

And  it  seems  not  amiss  to  state  here  that  the  College  has  been 
unable  to  meet  demands  for  aid  from  one  of  the  State's  greatest 
industries — mining — because  it  has  had  no  funds  with  which  to 
develop  such  work.  Not  a  home,  not  a  business,  not  another  industry 
in  the  State  that  is  not  directly  affected  by  the  production  of  coal, 
and  the  people  have  a  right  to  demand  that  their  State  College, 
especially  charged  under  the  Morrill   Act  with  the  development  of 


the  State's  resources,  be  in  a  position  to  render  whatever  aid  may  l>c 
required  in  the  attempl  to  solve  some  of  the  greal  problems  incidem 
thereto. 

Money    Invested    for   the   Scientific   and   Technical   Training 

of  Maryland   Young  Men  and  Women   Produces 

Large  Returns. 

Maryland  is  East  becoming  .an  industrial  center.  Large  indus- 
tries are  constantly  being  added  to  the  great  Dumber  thai  already 
flourish  in  Baltimore  and  other  towns.  In  addition,  Cumberland, 
Hagerstown,  Frederick,  Eastoti,  Cambridge  and  Salisbury  and  other 
towns  are  rapidly  expanding  the  scope  of  their  industrial  horizon. 
As  a  result,  the  demand  for  technically  trained  men  and  women  is 
growing  daily. 

Maryland  hoys  and  girls  are  receiving  at  the  State  College  the 
training  that  fits  them  for  service  in  the  industrial  field,  and  the 
graduates  of  the  State  College  are  to  be  found  almost  everywhere 
and  in  all  professions. 

Noting  only  those  holding  official  positions  based  on  technical 
training,  graduates  of  the  institution  are  rendering  service  in  Mary- 
land as  follows : 

State  Forester,  Chief  Engineer  State  Highway  Commission,  En- 
gineer for  Baltimore  City  Sewerage  Commission,  Engineers  for  the 
Baltimore  City  Paving  Commission,  County  Engineers,  State  Ento- 
mologist. State  Horticulturist,  Director  of  Extension  Service,  Teach 
ers  of  Manual  Training  and  Agriculture  in  Public  High  Schools, 
Members  of  the  Faculty  of  the  State  College,  County  Agents,  Spe- 
cialists in  the  Extension  Service,  Principals  and  Instructors  in  gen- 
eral subjects  in  High  Schools  and  Academies  of  the  State,  Officers 
of  the  National  Guard,  etc. 

In  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  Maryland 
State  graduates  occupy  positions  as  follows:  Three  chiefs  of  divi- 
sion in  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  Chemist  in  Charge  of  Meat  Inspec- 
tion and  Assistant  Chemists  in  same  division.  Specialists  in  Bureau 
(»f  Entomology,  Chief  Inspector  for  the  United  States  Horticultural 
Board,  Chemists  in  Charge  of  Cereal  Investigations,  citrus  by-prod- 
ucts, etc..  Specialists  in  Bureau  of  Animal   [ndustry. 

In  the  nation  at  large  Maryland  State  graduates  occupy  posi- 
tions on  the  faculties  of  such  institutions  as  follow:  West  Virginia 
University,  Columbia  University,  University  of  Georgia,  North  Caro- 
lina State  College,  New  York  University,  University  of  Maryland. 
Iowa  State  College,  University  of  Wisconsin,  University  of  Porto 
Rico,  Christian  Brothers  College  of  California,  University  of  Arkan- 
sas, George  Washington  University,  Oregon  Agricultural  College, 
University  of  Pennsylvania,  Cornell  University,  Albright  College 
Roanoke  College,  etc.,  and  nil  technical  positions  such  as  State  Ento- 
mologist, North  Carolina;  State  Bighway  Engineer  of  Wisconsin 
State  Entomologist  of  Arkansas,  Secretary  Bureau  of  Irrigation  of 


New  Mexico.  Surveyor  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  Chemist  for  the 
State  of  Virginia,  Engineer  United  States  Geological  Survey,  while 
scores  of  Maryland  State  men  were  commissioned  officers  of  the 
United  States  Army,  Navy,  Coast  Guard  and  Marine  Corps. 

No  mention  is  made  here  of  the  many  who  are  scattered  through- 
out the  world  as  employees  in  the  Engineering  or  Chemical  Depart- 
ments of  greal  industrial  organizations  and  as  specialists  in  various 
lines  of  agriculture. 

What  Other  States  Have  Done  for  the  Support  of  Their 
State  Colleges,  Including  the  Experiment  Stations 
and   Extension   Service. 

When  the  support  given  to  the  Maryland  State  College,  includ- 
ing the  Experiment  Station  and  Extension  Service,  is  compared  with 
that  granted  to  the  State  colleges  of  other  States,  the  ultra-con- 
servative policy  of  Maryland  is  evident,  as  is  shown  by  the  following 
figures,  supplied  by  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Education: 


Colleges 


Value  of 

College 

Plant    and 

Equipment 


Annual 

Appropriation 

Since  1909 

(average) 


Total 

Appropriations 

Since  1909 


Per 
Capita 

1910 
Census 


West  Virginia |  $1,516,000 

Massachusetts    |   2.075,943 

Kansas    |  2,648,317 

Pennsylvania    |   3,541,569 

Nebraska    |   4,886,012 

Ohio |   7,813,121 

Wisconsin   |   9,503,693 

Maryland    |      820,665 


$263,774.44 
363,105.44 
516,260.00 
427,766.00 
794.925.00 
1,055,394.00 
1,627,094.00 
102,108.43* 


$2,373,970.00 
3,267,949.00 
4,646.342.00 
3,849,896.00 
7,154,328.00 
9,498,550.00 

14,643,853.00 
1,021,084.00* 


$1.94 

.98 
2.63 

.50 
6.00 
1.99 
6.27 

.78 


*These  figures  include  about  $35,000  per  year  for  the  work  of  the  Live  Stock 
Sanitary  Division.  In  the  other  States  this  work  is  carried  on  by  Boards 
separate  from  the  State  College,  and  funds  for  it  are  not  included  in  figures 
furnished  above  for  other  States. 


Brief  Outline  of  the  Work  of  the  College. 

The  Maryland  State  College  of  Agriculture  is  the  successor  of 
the  Maryland  Agriculture  College,  the  second  in  the  United  States 
t<>  be  chartered.  Although  from  the  beginning  it  received  some 
State  aid,  it  was  not  a  State  institution,  being  under  the  control 
of  a  Board  of  Trustees  independent  of  the  State.  It  has  always 
served,  however,  in  the  same  relation  to  the  State  of  Maryland  as 
have  the  State  colleges  of  other  States,  such  as  Iowa,  Kansas,  Wis- 
consin, Michigan,  etc.  By  designation  of  the  Legislative  Assembly 
the  College  received  the  Government  grants  for  agricultural  educa- 
tion, known  as  the  Morril-Nelson  Acts  and  the  grants  for  research, 
known  as  the  Hatch  and  Adams  Acts.  However,  the  small  grants 
limited  from  year  to  year  the  scope  of  the  work  compared  to  the 
field  covered  by  the  more  adequately  supported  institutions  in 
other  States. 


State   Takes   Over   the   College. 

To  remedy  this  condition  with  a  view  to  establishing  a  thor- 
oughly efficient  State  agency  of  agricultural  and  industrial  educa- 
tion and  research,  in  association  with  the  other  phases  of  education, 
tht4  State  look  over  the  Maryland  Agricultural  College  and  reor- 
ganized it  under  a  new  charter,  which  makes  ii  possible,  with  ade- 
quate support,  to  develop  the  Maryland  State  College  of  Agriculture 
into  an  institution  comparable  to  the  higher  educational  institutions 
of  the  other  States.  Considerable  progress  has  been  made  in  this 
direction. 

Scope   of  Work   Demands   Liberal   Support. 

The  State  College  conducts  three  distinct  lines  of  educational 
work — resident  instruction,  investigation,  and  extension  and  demon- 
stration. A  fourth  division  is  that  of  regulatory  work,  which  is  con- 
ducted in  part  by  the  College  and  in  part  by  the  Live  Stock  Sanitary 
Section  of  the  State  Board. 

It  must  be  assumed  that  the  State,  in  taking  over  the  College, 
intended  to  have  the  institution  develop  to  meet  the  growing  needs  oi 
the  time. 

How   the   Work   of   the   College   Is   Organized. 

One  of  the  necessary  functions  of  the  College  is  to  provide  ade 
quate  means  for  the  proper  education  of  the  young  men  and  women 
of  the  State.  In  order  to  carry  out  systematically  this  fundamental 
duty,  the  College  has  been  organized  into  the  following  groups: 
School  of  Agriculture,  School  of  Chemistry,  School  of  Education. 
School  of  Engineering,  School  of  Home  Economics,  School  of  Liberal 
Arts,  Graduate  School;  and  there  is  in  process  of  organization  a 
School  of  Veterinary  Science  and  Medicine  and  other  schools  cov- 
ering fields  of  importance  to  technical  education  and  research. 

The  School  of  Agriculture. 

This  group  includes  the  Divisions  of  Plant  Industry  and  Animal 
Industry.  The  Plant  Industry  Division  covers  the  works  in  Agron- 
omy, Horticulture,  Plant  Morphology,  Physiology  and  Pathology 
and  Forestry.  The  Division  of  Animal  Industry  includes  work  in 
Animal  Husbandly,  Dairy  Husbandy,  Poultry  Husbandly,  Farm 
Management,  Animal  Pathology,  Veterinary  Medicine,  Zoology, 
Entomology,  etc. 

The  teaching  of  a  rational,  practical  system  of  farming  is  the 
primary  aim  of  the  School  of  Agriculture.  The  curricula  are  planned 
to  give  the  student  a  general  knowledge  of  all  phases  of  agriculture 
and  related  sciences,  but  at  the  same  time  to  afford  an  opportunity 
to  specialize  along  the  line  in  which  he  is  particularly  interested. 
The  plan  provides  for  those  who  wish  to  take  up  some  professional 
line,  such  as  teaching,  research,  county  agent  work,  as  well  as 
farming. 


The   School   of   Chemistry. 

The  School  of  Chemistry  includes  the  Departments  of  General 
Chemistry,  Industrial  Chemistry,  Biological  Chemistry  and  the 
Department  of  Fertilizer  and  Food  Analysis  and  Inspection. 

It  is  the  aim  of  the  School  of  Chemistry  to  prepare  students  for 
practical  work  as  research,  general  analytical  and  manufacturing 
chemists,  or  to  be  teachers. 

The   School   of    Education. 

This  school  consists  of  an  organization  of  the  various  activities 
of  the  College  which  are  concerned  with  the  professional  prepara 
tion  of  teachers.  Its  courses  are  planned  to  serve  three  classes  of 
students — first,  those  preparing  to  teach  Agriculture,  Home  Eco- 
nomics, industrial  and  general  subjects  in  secondary  schools;  sec- 
ond, prospective  principals  of  High  Schools,  Educational  Super- 
visors, County  Agents,  Home  Demonstration  Agents,  Boys'  and 
Girls'  Club  Leaders  and  other  Extension  Workers;  third,  those 
majoring  in  other  lines  who  desire  courses  in  Education  and 
Psychology. 

In  addition  to  courses  in  General  Education,  Vocational  courses 
are  offered  in  Agricultural  Education.  Home  Economics  Education 
and  Industrial  Education. 

The  State  College  is  designated  by  the  State  Board  of  Education 
and  the  Federal  Vocational  Board  as  the  official  agency  charged  with 
the  conduct  of  teacher  training  in  Maryland  under  the  Smith-Hughes 
Act. 

The   School   of   Engineering. 

The  Engineering  group  includes  Civil,  Electrical,  Mechanical 
and  Rural  Engineering  and  Mathematics  and  Physics.  The  State 
College  was  the  first  institution  in  the  State  of  Maryland  to  organize 
a  course  in  Engineering,  having  inaugurated  the  work  in  1894  to 
comply  with  requirements  of  the  Federal  Government  under  the 
second  Morrill  Land  Grant  Act. 

The  Engineering  courses  are  arranged  with  a  view  to  preparing 
the  students  for  immediate  usefulness  in  the  technical  world.  The 
school  is  organized  to  instruct  students  who  desire  to  practice  Engi- 
neering as  a  profession;  and,  second,  to  teach  students  interested  in 
agriculture  and  applied  science  such  branches  of  mechanic  arts  and 
engineering  as  will  promote  their  individual  interests.  Instruction 
is  given  in  certain  subjects  required  under  the  provisions  of  the 
Smith-Hughes  Act  for  the  training  of  teachers  in  the  industrial  arts. 

An  opportunity  is  afforded  each  year  for  practicing  road  engi- 
neers to  take  an  intensive  course  at  the  College  in  road  building  and 
maintenance. 

Four-year  courses  are  offered  in  Civil,  Mechanical,  Electrical 
and  Rural  Engineering.  Option  is  offered  in  Civil  Engineering  to 
specialize  in  either  highway  or  sanitary  engineering. 

10 


The   School    of    Home    Economics. 

This  school  includes  the  Departments  of  Poods  and  Cookery, 
Textiles  and  Clothing,  Eygiene  and  Bealth  and  Institutional  and 
Home  Management. 

The  courses  of  instruction  are  planned  to  meet  the  needs  oi 
three  classes  of  students :  (1)  )Those  who  desire  a  knowledge  of  the 
general  facts  and  principle  of  home  economics.  (2)  Those  students 
who  wish  to  specialize  in  Home1  Economics.  (3)  Those  interested  in 
certain  phases  of  home  economics  which  deal  with  the  work  of  the 
dietitian  or  institutional  manager. 

The   School   of   Liberal   Arts. 

This  group  includes  the  Departments  of  Languages  and  Philos- 
ophy, English  Language  and  Literature,  History  and  Political 
Science,  Economics,  Journalism.  Public  Speaking,  Library  Science 
and  Music. 

The  courses  given  in  this  school  have  for  their  prime  object  the 
offering  of  fundamental  and  specialized  instinct  ion  in  language, 
literature  and  social  science.  It  aims  to  establish  a  foundation  upon 
which  to  build  technical  and  scientific  education;  to  provide  the 
basic  preparation  for  business,  law,  journalism,  administration,  civil 
service  or  higher  teaching  positions,  and  to  afford  the  opportunity 
for  general  cultivation  and  refinement  of  the  mind.  The  curricula 
in  this  group  are  largely  arranged  according  to  the  group  elective 
system. 

The   Graduate   School. 

Graduate  work  is  offered  to  graduates  of  this  or  other  standard 
colleges  who,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Dean  of  the  Graduate  School. 
are  qualified  to  undertake  that  work.  Advanced  degrees  conferred 
are  Master  of  Science,  Master  of  Arts  and  Doctor  of  Philosophy. 

College   Organized   on   a    Broad    Basis. 

The  organization  of  the  academic  work  is  thus  planned  upon  a 
broad  basis  in  accordance  with  the  law  creating  the  Land  Grant 
Colleges  by  the  Federal  Government.  The  young  nam  and  women 
of  Maryland  have  a  light  to  expect  their  State  College  to  be  so 
organized,  equipped  and  manned  as  to  meet  their  needs  for  higher 
education  in  all  its  branches,  such  as  is  furnished  by  other  States. 

Maryland  cannot  afford  to  send  her  sons  and  daughters  to  other 
States  because  her  own  State1  College  cannot  accept  them  or  is  not 
equipped  to  give1  them  tin1  training  they  desire  .and  yet  nearly  200 
young  nam  of  Maryland  were  turned  away  from  the  Stale  College 
last    fall   on  account   of  limited  accommodations. 

A  detailed  discussion  of  needs  for  equipment  and  buildings  will 
be  presented  later. 


Investigation. 

Investigation  in  all  fields  of  applied  science  is  essential  to  edu- 
cation. The  work  of  the  Experiment  Stations  of  the  country  was 
pre-eminent  in  developing  modern  scientific  agriculture  in  both  the- 
ory and  practice.  The  Maryland  Experiment  Station,  established  in 
1888,  has  produced  results  from  its  investigations  of  untold  value  to 
the  farmers  of  the  State.  The  investigational  work  in  progress 
includes  a  study  of  the  soils  of  the  State  and  their  adaptability  to 
various  crops;  the  use  of  lime,  fertility  investigations,  methods  for 
the  control  of  insect  pests  and  plant  diseases,  feeding  animals  for 
meat  and  dairy  production,  selection  of  varieties  and  cultural  prac- 
tice in  raising  fruit,  vegetables  and  flowers,  variety  tests  in  wheat, 
soy  beans  and  other  crops.  Agricultural  research  must  be  ahead  of 
demands  of  the  time. 

While  splendid  results  have  been  accomplished  by  our  Station, 
there  are  innumerable  agricultural  problems  that  need  solving.  A 
study  of  many  of  these  problems  would  extend  over  a  period  of  years. 
The  agricultural  industry  cannot  afford  to  neglect  agricultural  re- 
search in  these  times  wThen  new  methods  in  production,  distribution 
and  marketing  are  so  important.  Other  fields  of  investigation  in 
science,  engineering,  farm  machinery,  mining,  agriculture,  etc.,  pre- 
sent great  possibilities  for  assisting  these  industries  in  the  State. 

Extension   and    Demonstration. 

The  aim  of  the  extension  and  demonstration  work  is  to  carry 
the  available  information  in  agricultural  science  and  home  eco- 
nomics to  farmers  and  home-makers  by  practical  demonstrations  on 
their  farms  and  in  their  homes.  This  work  is  conducted  in  co-opera- 
tion with  the  United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  and  is  accom- 
plishing wonderful  results  in  this  State.  It  was  through  this  well 
organized  division  that  the  institution  was  able  to  carry  the  large 
amount  of  extra  work  thrust  upon  us  by  the  State  during  the  war 
period,  and  which  has  continued  since  the  armistice.  With  a  trained 
man  and  woman  agent  in  each  county  we  were  able  to  conduct  the 
special  campaigns  for  production,  and,  with  the  generous  response  by 
the  farmers,  to  make  such  a  splendid  agricultural  war  record  for  the 
State.  Since  the  close  of  the  war,  on  account  of  the  reduction  of 
Federal  Emergency  funds  and  State  funds  from  the  Council  of 
Defense,  the  Extension  Service  has  had  great  difficulty  in  meeting 
the  demands  of  the  people. 

It  is  impossible  to  cite  the  magnitude  of  this  work  in  the  State. 
Suffice  it  to  say  that  the  people  are  demanding  well-trained  and 
experienced  men  and  women,  and  all  sections  have  come  to  realize 
the  immense  value  of  county  agent  work  in  promoting  the  develop- 
ment of  agriculture  and  bettering  rural  life  in  the  counties. 

In  addition,  the  Extension  Service  is  furnishing  facilities  for 
presenting  favorably  to  prospective  settlers  information  concerning 
Maryland's  agricultural  possibilities  and  the  advantages  of  locating 
in  this  State. 

12 


To  inert  the  needs  in  different  communities  it  lias  been  accessary 
to  emphasize  extension  in  general  education.  The  purpose  of  this 
work  is  to  give  information  and  assistance  in  subjects  other  than 
agriculture  and  home  economics. 

Through  the  Extension  Service  the  College  campus  extends  to 
every  community  of  the  State;  through  it  the  College  is  able  to  ren- 
der service  to  the  State  at  large. 

Inspection   and   Control   Work. 

In  the  United  States  the  annual  toll  by  insects  and  diseases 
taken  from  farm  crops,  fruits,  vegetables,  etc.,  and,  in  addition,  the 
loss  due  to  diseases  affecting  livestock,  amounts  to  millions.  A  con- 
servative estimate  of  the  loss  due  to  these  causes  is  10  per  cent.  For 
Maryland  farm  crops,  this  would  be  f  13,274,000;  for  livestock,  it 
would  amount  to  $5,070,000.  Our  annual  loss  to  the  dairy  industry 
from  disease,  such  as  tuberculosis,  amounts  to  $1,560,000,  while  our 
loss  in  the  swine  industry,  due  to  hog  cholera,  etc.,  is  approximately 
$850,000. 

Much  progress  is  being  made  in  the  control  of  diseases  affecting 
both  farm  crops  and  animals.  No  argument  is  necessary  to  point 
out  the  necessity  of  the  State  doing  everything  in  its  power  to  prevent 
these  enormous  losses. 

The  control  work  of  insects  and  diseases  is  conducted  through 
the  State  Horticultural  Department,  while  the  control  of  animal 
diseases  is  conducted  by  the  Livestock  Sanitary  Section  of  the  State 
Board  of  Agriculture. 

The  fertilizer  inspection  work  conducted  by  the  School  of  Chem- 
istry is  of  untold  value  to  the  farmers  of  the  State.  Likewise,  the 
seed  inspection  means  much  to  the  State  in  protecting  the  quality 
of  seed  offered  for  sale.  All  phases  of  this  regulatory  work  should 
be  adequately  provided  for  in  order  to  protect  the  agricultural  indus- 
try as  far  as  possible  from  unnecessary  losses. 

The  Present  Condition  of  Buildings  and  Equipment 
Makes  Appropriations   Necessary. 

A  total  of  |1,519,900  is  requested  for  buildings,  equipment 
and  land  at  the  State  College.  This  seems  a  rather  large  sum,  but 
when  one  considers  the  absolute  needs  existing  at  present,  the  request 
is  more  than  justified.  In  the  first  place,  it  will  be  remembered  that 
a  request  for  a  building  program  was  submitted  to  the  last  Legis- 
lature, but  in  view  of  war  conditions,  the  Board  of  Trustees  volun- 
tarily requested  that  such  a  building  program  be  postponed. 

The  time  has  now  arrived  that  additional  buildings  are  an  abso- 
lute necessity  if  the  institution  is  to  grow  or  even  accommodate 
properly  the  students  now  attending  the  College.  Moreover,  the 
request  for  buildings  is  large  by  virtue  of  the  inadequate  provision 
made  in  previous  years  for  the  needs  of  the  institution.      The  com- 

13 


parisons  previously  shown  in  the  total  amounts  appropriated  by  this 
State  with  thai  of  other  States  for  this  purpose  explain  the  abnormal 
needs  at  this  time. 


Dormitories   for   Men   Inadequate. 

The  present  dormitory  facilities  are  wholly  inadequate.  Calvert 
Hall  is  a  modern  dormitory  built  to  accommodate  125  men.  It  has 
been  necessary  to  crowd  into  it  over  double  this  number,  and  as 
many  more  have  to  find  rooms  at  high  cost  and  often  long  distances 
from  the  College.  Many  were  turned  away  this  year  because  no 
place  to  live  could  be  found.  The  United  States  Governmenl  re- 
quested us  to  provide  for  200  men  wounded  in  the  recent  war  who 
desired  education  in  the  fields  represented  by  the  College.  Only 
about  40  of  these  could  be  taken  because  there  was  no  place  for 
them  to  live  and  no  funds  could  be  secured  either  from  the  State  or 
Federal  Government  to  erect  a  dormitory.  To  meet  these  conditions 
we  are  asking  for  a  dormitory  for  men  to  accommodate  200  which 
will  afford  temporary  relief.  The  cost  of  such  a  building  and  equip- 
ment will  he  1100.000. 

College   Open   to   Women. 

The  new  charter  granted  to  the  institution  in  1014  provided 
that  the  opportunities  given  to  the  young  women  attending  the 
College  be  equal  to  those  given  to  men.  A  school  of  Home  Economics 
has  been  organized.  Only  about  30  young  women  are  attending  the 
College,  as  this  is  all  that  can  be  accommodated  under  present  condi- 
tions, and  these  are  housed  partly  in  a  rented  building  away  from 
the  campus.  We  should  have  a  suitable  dormitory  for  women,  and 
estimates  have  been  prepared  for  such  a  building  to  cost  f  108,000. 
Certainly  no  argument  is  necessary  to  persuade  anyone  that  the 
State  should  have  suitable  accommodations  for  the  large  number  of 
young  women  who  are  seeking  advanced  training  in  all  branches  of 
education.  The  proper  education  of  our  young  women  is  unques- 
tionably one  of  the  primary  duties  of  the  State. 


Dining    Hall    Needed. 

The  students  must  not  only  be  housed,  but  they  must  be  fed. 
The  original  dining  hall  was  destroyed  by  fire  a  few  years  before  the 
State  took  over  the  College  and  since  that  time  a  temporary  wooden 
structure  has  taken  its  place1.  This  was  enlarged  during  the  war  by 
a  temporary  addition.  The  structure,  however,  does  not  meet  the 
requirements  of  the  situation.  It  should  be  replaced  immediately 
by  a  properly  constructed  building  and  modern  equipment.  This 
will  cost  approximately  $170,000. 

14 


Armory    and    Gymnasium    Required. 

Mention  has  been  made  of  the  fad  thai  the  College  rendered 
assistance  to  the  nation  during  the  war  in  the  training  of  men  for 
war  service.  The  grants  made  by  i lie  general  Governmenl  to  the 
Siate  for  education  required  that  the  College  should  provide  such 
training  in  military  science  as  the  War  Department  niigln  demand. 
Maryland  State  College  has  met  this  requirement  as  far  as  possible 
with  inadequate  facilities.  Recently  Congress  provided  for  the  en- 
largement  of  this  military  training  in  tin1  establishment  of  t lie  Re- 
servo  Officers'  Training  Corps.  Under  this  plan  the  students  receive 
considerable  assistance^  in  the  way  of  free1  uniforms  and  other  equip- 
ment, and  in  the1  advanced  work  about  112  per  month  additional. 
The  military  training  in  no  way  interferes  with  the  other  work  of 
the  schools,  but  it  is  a  distinct  help,  as  careful  physical  training  is 
required.  The  War  Department  has  turned  over  to  the  College 
about  87.1, (KM)  worth  of  equipment,  which  must  be  carefully  guarded 
and  cared  for.  At  the  present  time  there  is  no  place  to  house  prop- 
erly and  use  this  equipment  or  to  conduct  the  military  and  physical 
training  work  on  a  basis  satisfactory  to  the  War  Department.  To 
provide  for  this  need,  an  appropriation  is  requested  to  build  a  suit- 
able gymnasium  and  armory.    This  will  require  $190,000. 

New   Chemical    Building    Necessary. 

The  importance  of  chemistry  in  the  industries  has  never  been 
so  fully  recognized  as  today.  It  has  important  relationship  to  nearly 
every  department  of  modern  life.  The  demand  for  mnn  trained  in 
chemistry  is  especially  strong  from  the  industries,  and  many  young 
men  desire  to  prepare  themselves  to  fill  these  places.  The  building 
used  by  the  College  for  chemical  teaching  and  fertilizer  analysis  is 
now  altogether  too  small.  It  is  not  fireproof,  and  is  not  adapted  to 
the  requirements  of  the  enlarged  demands  in  these  lines.  A  new 
building  is  urgently  necessary,  and  will  cost  about  .^lfiO.000. 

Farm   Machinery   Laboratory   Required. 

Farm  machinery  is  now  a  subject  that  must  be  given  mucli  more 
attention  in  colleges  of  agriculture  and  engineering.  It  is  an  impor- 
tant factor  in  solving  the  farm  labor  problem.  Maryland  has  made  a 
good  atari  in  tins  direction,  but  the  College  has  no  suitable  building 
in  which  the  work  can  be  adequately  carried  on.  An  estimate  of 
$50,000  to  cover  the  immediate  needs  has  been  included  in  the  budget. 

Central    Heating    Plant   a    Necessity. 

All  of  these  buildings  must  be  heated.  At  tin1  presenl  time  most 
of  the  College  buildings  are  heated  by  individual  plants.  As  the 
institution  grows  it  will  be  desirable  to  centralize  this  work  at  a 
point  where  coal  can  be  brought  in  in  carload  lots  over  a  spur  track 
from  the  railroad.     Another  very  important   factor  is  the  reduction 

15 


of  the  Are  risk.  Provision  for  a  central  heating  plant  and  conduits, 
with  spur  track  connections  with  the  railroad,  is  requested.  The 
estimated  cost  is  $249,400. 

An  item  is  also  included  for  the  construction  of  sewers  and  for 
water  mains  and  tank  to  meet  the  increased  needs  of  the  College, 
protect  the  health  of  the  students  and  furnish  additional  fire  protec- 
tion.     This  item  calls  for  f 64,000. 

Buildings   and   Equipment   for  Veterinary   Science. 

The  efficient  control  of  animal  diseases  depends  in  a  large  meas- 
ure upon  the  supply  and  skill  of  the  veterinarians.  Maryland  lias  no 
college  of  veterinary  medicine  at  the  present  lime.  The  National 
Departmenl  of  Agriculture  has  urged  the  Board  to  organize  such  a 
school  in  connection  with  the  State  College  of  Agriculture.  The 
amount  requested  for  this  purpose  is  $35,000  for  buildings  and  equip- 
ment.   The  additional  staff  is  included  in  the  college  budget. 

Plant  and  Equipment  for  Dairy  and  Animal  Husbandry 

Departments. 

The  general  program  also  requires  an  efficient  department  of 
dairy  and  animal  hubandry  at  the  College.  There  is  great  need  for 
additional  livestock  for  general  animal  husbandry  teaching.  Steps 
have  been  taken  to  organize  this  work.  First  of  all,  there  must  be 
provided  additional  land,  within  easy  reach  of  the  classes,  for  the 
location  of  barns,  paddocks,  j pastures  and  other  necessary  equipment, 
and  for  growing  as  much  of  the  feed  needed  as  practicable.  This 
additional  land,  with  the  necessary  barns  and  other  equipment  will 
cost  about  $106,000,  and  a  request  for  this  has  been  included.  This 
is  an  investment  that  will  grow  more  valuable  from  year  to  year 
entirely  aside  from  its  educational  value. 

Summary  of   Building   Program. 

The  above  program  for  buildings  is  conservative,  and  provides 
for  only  the  immediate  needs  of  the  institution.  The  new  agricul- 
tural building  completed  in  1918  at  a  cost  of  $174,000,  the  men's 
dormitory  built  from  insurance  funds  following  the  fire,  together 
with  the  Engineering  Buildings,  Science  Hall,  Library  and  other 
structures  erected  from  time  to  time,  including  the  Experiment  Sta- 
tion buildings,  are  at  present  overcrowded  and  inadequate  to  meet 
the  needs  of  a  growing  institution. 

The  location  of  the  College  on  a  commanding  hill  near  the 
Washington-Baltimore  Boulevnrd,  Washington  Suburban  Electric 
Railway  and  B.  &  O.  Railroad  offers  a  most  favorable  center  around 
which  to  group  the  proposed  new  buildings  to  meet  present  needs. 
The  institution  has  made  a  splendid  record,  and  as  already  has  been 
pointed  out,  its  alumni  can  be  found  in  places  of  great  responsibility 
throughout  the  State  and  the  Union.     Aside  from  Maryland's  duty 

16 


to  its  youth,  and  aside  from  the  material  returns  thai  will  come  from 
money  invested,  the  State's  pride  alone  should  prompt  her  to  have 
equipment  adequate  to  the  needs  of  her  citizens  and  comparable  to 

thai  of  other  States. 

The    Increase    in    the    Cost    of    Maintenance,    Coupled    With    the 

Decreased  Purchasing  Power  of  Money,  Necessitate 

Increased   Appropriations. 

The  large  reduction  in  the  purchasing  power  of  the  dollar  is 
felt  to  no  greater  degree  in  any  business  than  in  the  conduct  of  a 
State  institution  with  limited  appropriations  for  certain  purposes. 
Tin1  previous  appropriations  for  maintenance  during  the  past  two 
years  could  not  Ik1  increased  to  meet  the  largely  expanded  cost  of 
materials,  equipment,  travel  and  general  expenses.  In  order  to  con 
tinue  the  work  of  the  institution  in  all  phases  of  its  activity  upon 
the  same  basis  as  hertofore,  a  50  per  cent,  increase  in  maintenance 
for  the  several  divisions  is  necessary.  In  order-  to  meet  present  high 
costs,  the  strictest  economies  have  been  practiced  and  vet  the  in- 
creased cost  of  travel,  food,  coal  and  every  other  article  entering 
into  the  needs  of  the  institution  have  had  to  be  met. 

Increased   Salaries   Necessary   to   Keep    Good    Men. 

No  class  of  men  and  women  have  suffered  from  the  high  cost 
of  living  to  the  same  degree  as  teachers  and  college  professors, 
specialists  and  others  engaged  in  educational  work.  The  strain  upon 
the  men  at  our  institution  who  are  forced  to  maintain  certain  si  and 
ards  of  living,  and  who  are  subject  to  many  miscellaneous  demands 
in  addition  to  ordinary  living  expenses,  has  been  heavy.  The  average 
of  the  salaries  paid  to  our  specialists  and  instructors  is  below  that 
paid  by  similar  institutions.  We  must  retain  the  competent  men 
now  connected  with  the  College.  In  order  to  do  so,  we  must  increase 
our  salary  average.  We  have  already  lost  a  score  of  men  in  all 
divisions  dining  the  past  two  years  because  of  salary  limitations. 

We  believe  tin1  Maryland  public  demands  the  best  available 
men  to  conduct  tin1  work  of  the  institution.  The  reputation  of  the 
College  is  hugely  based  upon  the  character  of  men  who  represent  it. 
We  cannot  afford  to  be  parsimonious  or  to  practice  tin1  false  economy 
of  allowing  our  best  men  to  leave  tin1  institution  for  w  am  of  a  living 
wage. 

The    Expansion   of   the   College   and    the    Increased    Demands 

Made  Upon  All  Divisions  of  the  Institution  Require 

Larger   Grants  of   Funds. 

In  an  earlier  pari  of  this  statement  it  was  shown  that  the  State 
of  Maryland  in  the  years  1910-1919  granted  to  the  Maryland 
state  College  for  all  purposes  the  sum  of  $1,021,084.      Vet  $705,084. 

17 


or  b(.)  per  cent,  of  this  sum  was  appropriated  during  the  last  three 
years,  and  of  this  latter  sum  $174,000,  or  24  per  cent.,  was  appro- 
priated for  an  Agricultural  Building.  Had  the  policy  of  flic  State 
in  the  preceding  years  been  more  in  accord  with  the  policy  of  other 
States  in  supporting  their  State  College  the  present  congestion  and 
overcrowding  of  the  College  in  all  of  its  departments  would  not 
exist.  Our  lectin  e-i  coins  and  laboratories  are  filled  to  overflowing, 
and  any  expansion  in  the  number  of  the  students  is  prevented. 
Demands  are  made  every  day  upon  the  several  divisions  of  the 
institution  which  cannot  be  met  because  of  limited  funds. 

The  State  College  is  under  a  mandate1  from  tin1  State  to  care 
for  a  wide1  range  of  work,  and  yet,  unless  the  funds  available  for 
carrying  on  such  work  are  greatly  increased,  the  institution  cannot 
adequately  meet  its  obligations.  The  rendering  of  useful  service  to 
the  people  of  the  State  invariably  increases  the  demands  for  more 
and  greater  service.  These  demands  constitute  a  valuable  criterion 
by  which  to  measure  the  usefulness  of  the  College  to  the  State.  It 
is  not  fair  or  wise  to  limit  the  amount  of  such  service  that  an  insti- 
tution can  perform. 


The  People  Want  a  State  College  Comparable  With  the 

Resources   of  the  State   and   of   a   Rank  Similar 

to  Those  of  Other  States. 

The  people  of  Maryland  want  a  State  College  comparable  to 
those  of  other  States,  and  there  is  every  reason  why  they  should 
have  it. 

The  Maryland  State  College  is  the  only  collegiate  institution  in 
the  State  owned  by  the  State  and  controlled  by  the  State.  So  long 
as  the  College  remained  a  semi-private  institution  and  the  State  did 
not  own  the  property  there  was  a  natural  hesitancy  on  the  part  of 
the  members  of  the  General  Assembly  to  grant  large  sums  of  money 
for  plant  or  equipment. 

But  when  the  State  took  over  the  College  and  made  it  the 
State  College  it  assumed  a  responsibility  which  cannot  be  evaded. 
The  College  as  a  State-owned  institution  should  logically  be  the 
crowning  point  of  the  State's  public  educational  system.  The  people 
of  the  State  want  good  public  schools,  good  high  schools  and  good 
normal  schools.  They  also  want  the  State  institution  for  higher 
education  to  be  as  good  in  quality  and  as  high  in  rank  as  the 
resources  of  tin4  State  will  justify. 

It  has  already  been  pointed  out  that  other  States  of  the  Union 
have  found  great  profit  and  satisfaction  out  of  the  development  of 
their  State  Colleges.  As  a  conspicuous  example  Kansas  may  be 
noted.  The  history  of  the  remarkable  progress  of  that  State  from 
actual  poverty  to  unbounded  prosperity  is  but  the  history  of  its  edu- 
cational development.  The  legislators  of  the  State  of  Kansas  in- 
vested millions  in  their  State  College.     Through  the  agencies  of  the 

18 


College,  tlms  made  capable  and  efficient,  hundreds  of  millions  of  dol- 
lars have  been  added  to  the  wealth  of  the  State.  And  the  people 
of  Kansas  are  proud  of  their  College  because  it  is  worthy  of  t lie  best 
traditions  of  the  Stale. 

Under  the  liberal  and  enlightened  spirit  which  animated  the 
policy  of  the  Legislature  of  Kansas  towards  its  Slate  College,  Mary 
land  may  have,  and  the  people  of  the  State  desire  her  to  have,  an 
institution  which,  in  plant,  equipment  and  ability  to  serve  her  peo- 
ple, will  rank  with  Michigan,  Pennsylvania,  Cornell,  Kansas  or 
Wisconsin. 


SPECIAL  PROJECTS. 

Livestock   Sanitary   Service. 

The  profitable  growing  of  livestock  depends  in  a  large  measure 
upon  the  control- of  such  diseases  as  tuberculosis,  glanders,  ho^> 
cholera,  etc.  The  State  has  organized  an  efficient  service  to  study 
and  control  diseases.  It  is  under  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture, 
and  is  known  as  the  Livestock  Sanitary  Service.  In  co-operation 
with  the  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry  of  the  United  States  depart- 
ment of  Agriculture,  this  service  is  engaged  in  eradicating  these 
diseases.  Every  dollar  efficiently  devoted  to  this  work  comes  back 
in  larger  and  more  economical  production.  The  Board  of  Agricul- 
ture is  asking  for  the  next  two  years  for  the  conduct  of  this  work, 
including  hog  cholera  eradication  and  the  indemnities  that  must  be 
paid  where  animals  are  destroyed  to  prevent  the  spread  of  infection, 
1331,000. 


Dairy   Inspection   Service. 

The  Board  of  Agriculture  has  been  requested  by  the  Maryland 
Commission  appointed  by  the  Governor  to  control  the  cost  of  neces- 
saries of  lite  and  prevent  profiteering,  to  co-operate  in  an 
attempl  to  improve  the  conditions  controlling  the  milk  supply. 
Many  phases  of  this  work  were  already  in  progress  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  Board  in  co-operation  with  the  Women's  Civic  League 
and  other  similar  agencies,  including  the  Dairymen's  Association, 
the  milk  distributors  and  others.  One  of  the  most  needful  things 
not  being  attended  to  properly  on  account  of  lack  of  funds  is  the 
dairy  inspection  work  upon  which  the  sanitary  qualities  of  the  milk 
depend.  The  State  Board  of  Health  and  Municipal  Boards  of 
Bealth,  as  well  as  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  are  involved  in 
this  problem,  and  their  co-operation  in  working  ou1  a  Comprehensive 
and  eihVient  co-operative  inspection  service  has  been  requested.  The 
State  Board  has  requested  $105,000  to  meet  its  share  of  this  work 
for  the  next  two  years. 

19 


Marketing. 

An  item  of  $10,000  is  requested  in  the  budgel  to  provide  for 
marketing  investigations  and  demonstrations.  Willi  limited  funds 
at  its  disposal  the  College  lias  conducted  a  number  of  investigations 
of  the  systems  of  marketing  perishable  farm  crops  in  several  parts 
of  the  State  and  in  Baltimore  City.  Fanners  have  been  assisted  in 
co-operative  marketing  of  farm  products  and  in  purchasing  farm 
equipment  and  supplies  to  the  extent  of  millions  of  dollars  during 
the  past  year.  Tt  is  evident  that  there  is  much  room  for  improve- 
ment in  the  general  marketing  of  farm  products,  including  produc- 
tion, grading,  packing  and  distribution  of  perishable  products;  and 
additional  investigation  is  needed  in  order  that  hasty  and  ill-con- 
sideied  action  in  dealing  with  this  large  problem  may  not  be  taken. 
Every  legitimate  effort  should  be  made  to  reduce  the  costs  in  market 
ing  to  both  producer  and  consumer. 

Beekeeping. 

Beekeeping  is  becoming  an  important  industry  in  Maryland. 
At  a  time  when  the  price  of  sugar  has  increased  from  200  per  cent, 
to  300  per  cent,  above  pre-war  figures,  the  encouragement  of  honey 
production  is  worthy  of  consideration. 

Through  the  State  Beekeepers'  Association  much  assistance  and 
encouragement  has  been  extended  to  the  industry.  In  order  that  the 
diseases  and  pests  that  threaten  the  progress  of  beekeeping  may  be 
controlled  the  Legislature  is  asked  to  provide  $3000  for  adequate 
inspection  of  bees  and  the  encouragement  of  beekeeping  in  the 
State. 

The   Eastern   Branch   of  the   College. 

The  Morrill  Acts,  making  grants  to  the  States  for  agricultural 
and  trade  and  industrial  education,  provided  that  a  certain  amount 
of  the  grants  should  go  for  the  education  of  the  colored  race.  A 
branch  of  Morgan  College,  at  Princess  Anne,  Maryland,  was  early 
designated  to  receive  the  grant  and  to  conduct  this  work  under  the 
supervision  of  the  Maryland  State  College  of  Agriculture,  and  was 
designated  the  Eastern  Branch  of  that  college.  The  arrangement 
was  continued  under  the  new  charter  and  steps  were  taken  two  years 
ago  to  enlarge  the  work  and  to  make  the  institution  in  fact  an  effi- 
cient agent  1o  provide  for  the  colored  people  the  type  of  education 
contemplated  by  the  Morrill  Act.  While  the  trustees  of  Morgan  Col- 
lege have  given  every  possible  assistance  in  developing  this  school, 
sufficient  funis  have  not  been  available  to  enable  it  to  render  the 
service  to  the  colored  people  of  the  State  that  it  designed  to  render. 
When  the  Maryland  Agricultural  College  was  reorganized  as  a  State 
institution,  steps  were  taken  to  improve  the  Eastern  Branch.  Addi- 
tional land  was  secured  through  an  appropriation  for  that  purpose 

20 


by  the  last  Legislative  Assembly,  and  a  plan  for  the  enlargemenl  of 
the  agricultural  work  inaugurated.  For  the  nexl  biennium  money 
has  been  requested  to  complete  a  dairy  barn,  pu1  in  some  drainage 
and  for  additional  equipment  for  (his  work.  A  request  lias  also  been 
made  Tor  a  building  for  laboratory  and  class  work  in  agriculture  and 
mechanic  arts.  The  total  amount  requested  is  $80,840.  Morgan 
College  already  provides  the  school  with  a  number  of  school  and  dor 
mitory  buildings,  about  100  acres  of  land,  considerable  equipment 
and  co-operates  in  the  conduct  of  the  work.  The  plan  is  to  develop 
as  rapidly  as  possible  an  institution  comparable  to  the  l>es!  schools 
of  its  kind  in  the  country  under  the  strict  supervision  and  control 
of  the  State. 

Total   Appropriations   Required. 

The  grand  total,  including  the  College,  Extension  Service,  men 
and  women  county  agents,  the  Experiment  Station,  the  State  Board 
of  Agriculture,  the  Live  Stock  Sanitary  Service,  the  Eastern  Branch 
and  other  lines  under  the  control  of  the  State  Board  of  Trustees  of 
the  College  and  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture  is,  for  the  first  year. 
General  Maintenance,  $859,918.39;  the  second  year,  General  Mainte- 
nance, $827,3G7.83,  and  for  Land,  Buildings,  Equipment,  etc., 
$1,519,900,  or  a  grand  total  for  the  two  years  of  $3,207,186.22.  While 
this  is  a  large  sum,  it  is  an  investment  that  will  develop  and  conserve 
the  State's  great  agricultural  and  industrial  resources  and  conse- 
quently its  wealth.  More  than  this,  it  helps  to  make  efficient  citizens 
able  to  render  the  best  service.  These  constitute  the  greatest  asset 
in  any  Commonwealth. 


21 


